戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑反應(yīng)
概述
這種應(yīng)激反應(yīng)的中心位于丘腦,包括了許多種情緒反應(yīng)。丘腦有時被視作應(yīng)激中心,因為其在緊急事件中具備雙重功能:對于自主神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)(ANS)的控制,以及對垂體腺的控制。
兩性在“戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑反應(yīng)”中表現(xiàn)有差異:較之女性,男性更傾向于“戰(zhàn)斗”反應(yīng);較之男性,女性更傾向于“逃跑”反應(yīng),或?qū)で笏藥椭?,或化解當前危險——“結(jié)盟與友好”。尤其是身為母親的女性,面臨緊張情況時,會尤其傾向于保護自己的子女并尋求他人幫助。
參考文獻
^harvardsquarelibrary: W. B. Cannon Bodily Changes in Pain, Hunger, Fear and Rage: An Account of Recent Researches into the Function of Emotional Excitement, Appleton, New York, 1915
^Cannon, Walter. Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear, and rage. New York: Appleton. 1929.
^Bracha, H.S. et. al. (2004). Does "Fight or Flight" Need Updating? in Psychosomatics, 45:448-449, October 2004.
^《心理學與生活》(Psychology and life),Richard Gerrig / Philip Zimbardo,ISBN 9787115111302,人民郵電出版社,2003-10,P363
^Shelley Elizabeth Taylor, LC Klein, BP Lewis. "Biobehavioral responses to stress in females: Tend-and-befriend, not fight-or-flight". Psychological Review. Retrieved 2010-10-04. "First described by Walter Cannon in 1932, the fight-or-flight response is characterized physiologically by sympathetic nervous system activation that innervates the adrenal medulla, producing a hormonal cascade that results in the secretion of catecholamines, especially ..."
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